Packaging efficiency in phosphor-converted white LEDs and its impact to the limit of luminous efficacy

Journal of Solid State Lighting

Table 2 Calculation of the limit of luminous efficacy with different bases and all the related parameters and recipes

CCT	CRI	LER	LE^a	LE^b	ILE	ILE^c	ILE^d	ILE^e	Phosphor recipe
(4892)	29	466	308	263	237	213	142	107	YAG(G)
(5021)	46	454	303	259	233	210	140	105	YAG(G)
(4208)	34	458	296	252	227	204	136	102	YAG(Y)
(5519)	57	417	283	247	222	200	133	100	YAG(G)
(4501)	60	426	280	239	215	194	129	97	YAG(Y)
(6013)	60	392	270	237	213	192	128	96	YAG(G)
(6538)	62	372	258	228	205	185	123	92	YAG(G)
(4980)	63	392	263	225	203	183	122	91	YAG(Y)
(5539)	66	366	249	218	196	176	118	88	YAG(Y)
6018	68	350	241	212	191	172	115	86	YAG(Y)
6506	70	338	234	207	186	167	112	84	YAG(Y)
7032	71	327	228	202	182	164	109	82	YAG(Y)
5500	83	298	200	174	157	141	94	71	YAG(Y)+Nitride(R)
5000	84	295	195	167	150	135	90	68	YAG(Y)+Nitride(R)
4500	86	291	190	162	146	131	88	66	YAG(Y)+Nitride(R)

^aLuminous efficacy with counting Stokes loss only. ^bLuminous efficacy with counting Stokes loss, 4% phosphor quantum loss and geometry loss as a function of the CCT. ^cOUF is 90% for light bulbs. ^dOUF is 60% for automotive head lamp. ^eOUF is 45% for street light. Numbers in boldface put emphasis on taking ILE rather than LE into consideration for a light source in the practical lighting applications.